Ukraine and the United States have signed a major agreement on the extraction of 57 critical minerals and expanded military support. The political part was signed yesterday. Now, Ukraine’s Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) must ratify it. Technical details will be finalized in a separate agreement.

The deal is largely seen as a win for Ukraine. It avoids controversial terms, especially regarding who controls the Reconstruction Investment Fund. The United States will not have full control over it.

“The agreement is a win-win,” says Volodymyr Landa, senior economist at CES. “It removes barriers to Ukraine’s EU integration and confirms that past US aid won’t turn into debt.”

A full evaluation will be possible after the entire text is published. Meanwhile, European Pravda has shared some key details:

Key Points

• What the Deal Covers:
  The agreement establishes a U.S.-Ukraine Reconstruction Investment Fund. It sets the groundwork for cooperation on mineral extraction and military support.

• Shorter Format:
  This version is just 12 pages long, compared to over 90 pages in the original draft. A separate technical agreement will include detailed provisions. It will define how the fund is governed and ensure that 100% of the fund’s profits stay in Ukraine for at least 10 years.

• EU Alignment:
  The deal supports Ukraine’s path to the EU. If any clause conflicts with European law, both parties will review and adjust it.

• No Special Access for U.S. Companies:
  American firms don’t get first rights to extraction licenses. However, they must be allowed to bid or negotiate under the same terms as others.

• List of Resources:
  The agreement includes 57 minerals such as lithium, uranium, cobalt, graphite, oil, and gas. It applies only to new deposits. Licenses for these will be issued after the deal takes effect. Any additions to the list require consent from both sides.

• Financial Structure:
  Ukraine will contribute revenues from licenses and rent payments. It may also add extra funds. The U.S. will contribute military support, including weapons, ammunition, and technology.

• New Military Aid:
  According to Kyiv Post, Donald Trump has approved a $50 million arms sale to Ukraine. It’s unclear if this is part of the new deal. Trump also claimed the agreement would help the U.S. recover more than $350 billion that he says was spent on Ukraine.

For comments or more information, contact: press@ces.org.ua